- reproduction
- reproduction, duplicate, copy, carbon copy, facsimile, replica, transcript are comparable when they mean one thing which closely or essentially resembles something that has already been made, produced, or written.Reproduction may imply identity in material or substance, in size, and in quality, or it may imply differences, provided that the imitation gives a fairly true likeness of the original; thus, a reproduction of an Elizabethan theater may be on a very small scale; a reproduction of a Sheraton chair may be in cherry rather than in the mahogany of the original{
the present director, on tour in Western Canada, discovered the need for reproductions of Canadian pictures— Report on Nat'l Development (Ottawa)
}{the late works look finer in reproduction than they do in the original— Kitson
}A duplicate is a double of something else; the word may be used of something that exactly corresponds to or is the counterpart of any object whatsoever{a duplicate of a bill of sale
}{this postage stamp is a duplicate of one in my collection
}{make out a receipt in duplicate
}{plans a movie of the salvage operations, and will sail a duplicate vessel on the course taken— Current Biog.
}A copy is a reproduction of something else, often without the exact correspondence which be-longs to a duplicate; however copy, rather than duplicate (which logically implies that there is but a single reproduction), is applicable to any one of a number of things printed from the same type format, struck off from the same die, or made in the same mold{a thousand copies of a magazine
}{production costs of popular records vary, of course, but a sales figure of sixty thousand copies is the . . . break-even point— Robert Rice
}{modern copies of sixteenth-century chess sets—New Yorker
}{mimeographed copies of a letter
}Carbon copy stresses the idea of exactness found in duplicate{the full moon rising like an immense red carbon copy of the earth seen from a distance—Peggy Bennett
}{the civilians . . . seem well-content to let our foreign policy be a carbon copy of the strategy worked out by the military— Atlantic
}A facsimile is a close but usually not exact reproduction; the term may imply differences (as in scale) but it implies as close an imitating in details and material as possible or feasible{the heavy chandeliers were loaded with flattened brass balls, magnified facsimiles of which crowned the uprights of the . . . massively-framed chairs— Shaw
}{a screen cast . . . presses hard for emotional impact. What results is less a facsimile than a parody of the original— Hatch
}{looking for an intellectual equal, or at least the facsimile of an intellectual equal— Mailer
}Replica applies specifically to an exact reproduction of a statue, a painting, or a building made by or under the direction of the same artist, architect, or artisan; thus, one does not speak accurately of a modern replica of the Winged Victory, but of a modern reproduction; one may speak of the confusing tendency of some Renaissance artists to make replicas of their paintings. However the word is often used merely to emphasize very close likeness{collection of miniature sports cars. Tiny, Swissmade replicas, they were precision machined and finely detailed, all scaled to perfection— Terry Southern
}Transcript applies only to a written, typed, or printed copy made directly from an original or from shorthand notes{a stenographer's transcript of a letter
}{ask for a transcript of a will
}
New Dictionary of Synonyms. 2014.
